Car-coupling.



IUNITED STATES PATEN'I2OFIIICE HYLAS SABINE, OF MARYSVILLE, orno.

CAR--COUPLINGQ SPECIFIATION formihg part cf Letters 1?atent N0. 650,117, dated. Mag? 22, 1900 Applicetion fi1ed Novemlaer 9,1899. Serlal1lo. 736,885. (N0 man.)

Be it known that I, HYLAS SABIN n} 21 citizen of the Unite l Stabes, residing ab Marysville, in the oounty cf Union and State of Ohio, have invented cert-ain new and usefnl In1provements in Car-Conplers of which oho following is a specification;

In 1ny United States Patent N0. 380,936, of April 10, 1888, I have shown a car-coupling in wnich each pivoted jaw is supported by a ball o1 roller arranged. in a housing formed by a groove in the draw-head ancl a groove in the pivoted jaw over tl1e groove in the drawhead. The grooves have their upper and lower walls arranged 011 inclined planes, oho inclinaaion being ontward am]. d0wnward from the longitudinal axis of Ehe draw-head, so tl1at the tendency is for Ehe ball 130 roll outward. away from the longitudinal axis of the draw-heacl and for ohe pivoted jaw to swing open. When the pivoted jaw is closed and is held by its locking-pin, Lhe ball is locataed ab the upper end of the inclined plane of the lower groove and ab the lower or skallowest end of the upper groove in the jaw. When the locking-pi1i is removed, the jaw automatically opens by 1iding laierelly with the ba.ll down alle inclinedplane of the lower groove, and the inclined npper wall of tl1e upper groove also rides over he ball until oho jaw is completely swung open.

My presenb invention seeks 130 improve the constrncbion and operation of the devices shown in my patent above referred to, so a s to render the coupling more easy and certain in its operation andmore durable.

In my patent I 'have shown one segmental groove in the draw-head an l one corresponding segmental groove in the jaw. This is found 110 be sufficient for a steel conpler when the center of gravity is near the pin which pivots the jaw to tl1e draw-head; bul. in other cases I lind it desirable to nse two 01' more grooves and balls in the drafiv-head and in the ja.w around the pin. Three grooves in the draw-head and ol1ree corresponding grooves in the jaw are found 130 give good results, and

I may plaoe oneball in each groove, or two o1 more balls may be arranged in eaoh groove. These grooves may be segmental, of the for1n shown in my patent before mentionecl, 01 the Upper and lower walls of the grooves may be also again st ohe pivot-pin.

donbly inclinecl-that is, inolined tangei1= tially wlth refer'enc6to the pivot-pin and also inclined downwardly from their outer ends inwai*dly toward tl1e pin-so thaii eacl1 ball will have three bearing-points-namely, against the upper and lower Walls of tlie grooves &Ild. By this arrange ment the jaw is supported trnly and turns reaclily and water or dust incident to oho use of the devices.will readily flow off.

Insteacl of forrning thegrooves directly in alle draw-head I find ila Sometimes advantageous 110 simply cast a recess in the drawhead and place in this recess a ring 01 block in which tl1e grooves are formed. This block may be 1nade in one piece in annular form, 01 il; may be n1ade in seotions fihted together and placed. in the reoess. This block, whether made in one piece 01 formed in sections, maybe made frbm the hardesb steel and placed looselyin ehe recess. The rece ss in the drawhead may readily be made during the process of casting the draw-head. I also find that while the coupler-jaw will antomatically open where balls are arranged in theparticular kinds of groove s describ ed in my patentit is sometimes desirable 110 supplement the ctin of graviny by t-he use of a spring so amra.nged as 110 tend to open the jaw. Aspring of sufficient strength may be used 130 open the jaw when the jaw rests on balls erranged in one o1 more grooves the lovyer Wall o1 walls of which are on a. l evel plane; but I prefer to make ehe lower walls of such groove 01 grooves incline in accordance yvith the generell plan above specified.

.My present improvernents are illusbrated in the accompanying dravvings, in which Figme l shows a plan view of one member Qf a car-coupler exnbodying m y improvennents, the jaw being shown olosed by f ull lines and open by dotted lines. Fig, 2is a view, par'oly in front e1evation and parly in section, of such a conpler. Fig. 3 is a similar view cf a modification; Fig. 4: is a perspectiye yiew cf an annular block or ring formed with grooves -ztnd adapted to be placed in a recess in the draw-heacl under the jaw an d aronnd the pivot-pin Fig. 5 is a perspectiveyiewofi a Fig. 7 is a detail view,

part1y in seobion and partlyi1i elevatiori,.

shoWing the manner of forming t-he grooves and arranging the balls therein. Fig. 8 is a similar view showing a modification. Fig 9 shows a. trzinsverse seetion on the line 9 9 0f Fig.7. The draw-head A may be of alle forrn shown in my before-mentioned patent, or ib may be of any other si1nilar suitaable forrfx. 'Tlie knuckle 01 jaw B is pivoted to the draw-head by rneans 0f a pivot-pin O. The innenend r tai1 of thia'jaw iS fre6' t'o'swing in a. cavit'y or ho-using in the draw-head and is hold loeked whe n closed by means o1": a locking-pin D.

I form in the.lower side of th e jaw B, around thepin C, a 'series of groovesb. The upper -walis;of theSe;grooves are inolined, as shown,

forjnstanoein Fig. 3, in substantially the s'arnejrnanneras those'sho-wn in my patent,. ztinyil;the draw -head is formed with a series of grooy*esqv aronnd the pin C, be1ow the grooves li, and these grooves are formed in Jahe manner ilinsbrated in Fig. 3, whioh is substant'ially the manner in which the grooves are forrned inthe-conpler shown in my patent; but it will be observed that a p1ura.lity of grooves 2i re employed, the1e beingthree grooves in iihedfayv -h iaad and. thr.ee in the jaw illustraia egiinljig. l, and th ere is one bzill in-eaoh y I fiq 11017, of eourse, limit; myself to the part en lar"number of grooves employed 1 1 0r to the particular number of balls in eadh 3 gro9vte, astiWo ormore balls maybe einployed,

a;s1ilidioatedin Fig. 8.- By the use of apln- 1a1ij'jof grooves and balls the jaw is ntmrev (Sven y snpported and. friotion and wear are very mach rednced. Fig. 3 does n0t ill ustrat being f on aninelined plane tangentially with reference 110 the pin, is also inclined radially with reference thereto and downwardiy from its ont-er end inward. By this constxuotion the ball is made to bear against the pin nd Wil1tin1s bear ab three pointSnamely,against t;h e in and against the upper and lower Walls of t e groov(es in whioh the bal1 is arranged. The inclination given 130 the groove also affords a means for allowing water and the like to escape InstQad of forrning the grooves a directly in thegirawhead I may forn1 the grooves in a. ring 01: block E, and this ring or block may be airr anged in a reoess e, formed in the drawhea i around. the pin O, and beneath the jaw dropped. After they -are in placethe pin is dropped, so thab the parts will assume the posibion indioated in Fig. 2. If preferred, a block on.ring similar to thata shown in Fig. 4 ma v be plaoed in a re bess in the under side "of the ja-wand the parts assembled in the man- "ner il1us'tiai'ted in Figs. 7 and 8. Figs. 7 and 8 i1111strate more cleariy the form of the g'rdovs, Which maybe made direooly in the draw-head and the ja w or in separate blocks in the manner above speoified. Fig. 7 shows -the' grooves of proper size for a Single ba1l, while Fig. 8shows.them of proper form1goreeive two ba1ls. Obviously t-hey1nay be coustructed to reeeive a larger number, of balls,

if desired.

that of a short seotion of a spirizl eurve, giving the ball a three-point bearihg and keepi11g the ba1l elose 110 the pin. ThiS form of groove is particularly desirablevirhere st'eel or chilled iron is employed. Where soft metal bearin gs ar6 used, the grooves need not have ehe double incline referred to.

Fig. 9, in addition 110 showing the radial inolination of the groove, shows thait the ball may be inserted fron1 the inside, but owing so the shape of the' groove is prevented from Ciially. I deem in desirable sometimes 110 snppiemenp the aetion of the balls in the ino1ined grooves by a spring arranged 110 open 'or assiS'tj-in openi ng the jaw s. In Fig. 2 I'have ;illustrated an arrange ment suitabha foi this purpose. In this instance the spring-metai rod F is passed throngh a recess f in the drawhead am]. into a recess c in the fr0nti portion' of fihe jaw. The ar'rangen'nent is schthat whe'n the jawis C1sed the spring F i put linder tension and will be hold under tension aslong asthe locking-pin D h01ds the' jaw; but when the locking-pin D is relnoved the spring relaxes and swings the jaW open. The spring may be of sufli'oient; force'toopen-the jaw when it rests on balls that are a;rranged in a groove or grooves the lowr Wall or wai1s of which are ona leve1 plane; bot: I prefer to arrange the ba1ls on inelin'ed Planes; Instead of employing a spring of the forin shown in Fig. 2 I may usie a spring such as shdwn in 'Fig. 3. In uns; instanoe a Coiled spring G is arranged in a 'reo'ess g in th iiop of the jaw B, around the pin C. One end of the spring is se(:ur(ad atsg"to "the' draW-Iie,

It will be observiad um ihe mm 035 the 1ower Wall of t1he groove in the draw-head is droppingoub Or moving too far outwaifl rawhile the oth'er end is seoured ab q to the' 1 ililgg the prooess OI oasnng the 3aw. The

ring or bl0ek E may be made of hardened stee1,

whieh will wear betterand will afford smoother surface5 for the balls 1:0 ride on. The block E may be 1nae of one pieoe, or it may be. made in seotion s in the manner illustrated in Fig.

5 the se seetions being fitted together in the Tegess e around the pin O. y 1

In assemblin g the parts the balls are inserted through 'the pin-hole before die pin is 3aw, the arrangement being such tha-ia when the jaw is elosed the springis comprssradand tends 130 open. the jaw, and these may resteibher on ineiined planes or on level planes. y

I cl'aim as myinvention' 1. Acar-ooupling,comprisingadraW-htezid, a jaw, a pin pivoting the j&w 110 the diawhead, a ball for supporlsing the ja.W inierposed between bhe jaw am]. draw-head and arianged Balls are arranged beneath in an elongated groove in the draw-head Which extends 1:0 and opens into the pivotpin opening therein, the major axis of said groove being arranged tangentially with reference to a circle drawn from the vertzical axis of the pivot-pin.

2. A car-eoupling com prising a draw-head, a jaw, a pin pivoting the jaw to the drawhead, a; ba11 interposed between the jaw and the draw-head, and arranged in a groove in the draw-head, ehe lower wal1 of which is inclined tangentiall y relatively 110 the. pivot-pin, and also radially With reference thereto.

3. A car-coupling comprising a draw-head, a jaw, a pin pivoting the jaw to the dramhead, a bal1 interposkad beoween the under side 0f ohe jaw a-nd the draw-head, and arranged in grooves in the draw-head and in the jaw, said grooves being inelined tangentially with reference '00 nhe pivot-pin and also radially relatively thereto.

4. A car-coupling 00m prising a draw-head, a jaw, a pin pivoting the jaw 1:0 the drawhead, a grooved block arranged in a recess of the draw-head around the pin and below the jaw, and one o1 more balls arranged therein.

5. A car-couplin5; 00m prising a. draw-head, a. jaw, a. pin pivoting the jaw 110 the drawhead; a grooved block made in secbions; arranged in a recess in the draw-head surrounding nhe pin, and balls arranged in said grooves and bearing against the ja.w, the pin and the lower Walls of the grooves.

G. A car-coupling eomprising a draw-head, a jaw, a pin pivoting the jaw to the drawhead, a spring plaeec1 under tension when the jaw is c1osed and tending 110 open the jaw, and balls interposed betwe6n the jaw and the draw-head and arranged in inclined grooves 011 different sides of the pin and extenc'ling 40 from the pin outward so Lhat the ba1ls bea.r against the pin a-s well as against the ja.w and draw-head.

7. A car-cqupling comprising a draw-head,

a jaw, a. pin extending through pin-holes in the draw-head and jaw, a ba.l1 interposed between the ja.w and the draw-head. and a1- ranged in a. -groove in the draw-head which extends from the pin-hole outwardly so that the ba1l may be inserted through the pin-ho1e into the groove and may bear aga.inst the pin as we1l as against the jaw and draw-head.

8. A ear-coupling eomprising a draw-head, a jaw, a pin extending through pimholes in the draw-head a.nd jaw, a ball interposed between the jaw and the draw-head and ar= ranged in a groove in the draw-head and a groove in the ja.w, both 0f whieh groowzs are inclined both radially and tangentially and which extend fron1 the pin-hole of the jaw outward, whereby the ball may be inserted through he pin-hole into the grooves and may bear against the pin as well as against the draw-head and jaw.

In testimony whereof I h2we hereunoo sub= 

